● Johnson ndi Johnson
Johnson & Johnson idakhazikitsidwa mu 1886 ndipo likulu lake lili ku New Jersey ndi New Brunswick, USA. Johnson & Johnson ndi kampani ya biotechnology yapadziko lonse, komanso yopanga zinthu zogulitsidwa ndi ogula komanso zida zachipatala. Kampaniyo imagawa ndikugulitsa mankhwala opitilira 172 ku United States. Magulu ogwirizana azachipatala amayang'ana kwambiri matenda opatsirana, chitetezo chamthupi, khansa ndi neuroscience. Mu 2015, Qiangsheng inali ndi antchito 126,500, katundu yense wa $131 biliyoni, ndi malonda a $74 biliyoni.
● Roche
Roche Biotech idakhazikitsidwa ku Switzerland mu 1896. Ili ndi zinthu 14 zogulitsa mankhwala a biopharmaceutical pamsika ndipo imadzitcha yokha ngati mnzawo wamkulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi wa biotech. Roche idagulitsa ndalama zokwana $51.6 biliyoni mu 2015, mtengo wake pamsika wa $229.6 biliyoni, ndi antchito 88,500.
● Novartis
Novartis idakhazikitsidwa mu 1996 kuchokera pakuphatikizana kwa Sandoz ndi Ciba-Geigy. Kampaniyo imapanga mankhwala, mankhwala opangidwa ndi jenereta ndi zinthu zosamalira maso. Bizinesi ya kampaniyo imakhudza misika yomwe ikukula ya misika yomwe ikukula ku Latin America, Asia ndi Africa. Novartis Healthcare ndi mtsogoleri padziko lonse lapansi pakukula ndi chisamaliro choyambirira, komanso kugulitsa mankhwala apadera. Mu 2015, Novartis inali ndi antchito oposa 133,000 padziko lonse lapansi, katundu wokwana $225.8 biliyoni, ndi malonda okwana $53.6 biliyoni.
● Pfizer
Pfizer ndi kampani yapadziko lonse ya biotechnology yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1849 ndipo likulu lake lili ku New York City, USA. Inagula Botox Maker Allergan pa $160 miliyoni mu 2015, mgwirizano waukulu kwambiri womwe udachitikapo m'chipatala. Mu 2015, Pfizer inali ndi katundu wokwana $169.3 biliyoni ndipo malonda ake anali $49.6 biliyoni.
● Merck
Merck idakhazikitsidwa mu 1891 ndipo likulu lake lili ku New Jersey, USA. Ndi kampani yapadziko lonse lapansi yomwe imapanga mankhwala olembedwa ndi dokotala, mankhwala achilengedwe, katemera, komanso thanzi la ziweto ndi zinthu zina zogulira. Merck yayika ndalama zambiri polimbana ndi miliri yomwe ikubwera, kuphatikizapo Ebola. Mu 2015, Merck inali ndi msika wa ndalama zokwana $150 biliyoni, malonda okwana $42.2 biliyoni, ndi katundu wokwana $98.3 biliyoni.
● Sayansi ya Gileadi
Gilead Sciences ndi kampani yofufuza zamankhwala ya biopharmaceutical yodzipereka kupeza, kupanga, ndi kugulitsa mankhwala atsopano, yomwe ili ndi likulu lake ku California, USA. Mu 2015, Gilead Sciences inali ndi katundu wokwana $34.7 biliyoni ndi malonda okwana $25 biliyoni.
● Novo Nordisk
Novo Nordisk ndi kampani ya biotechnology yamayiko ambiri yomwe ili ndi likulu lake ku Denmark, yokhala ndi malo opangira zinthu m'maiko 7 ndi antchito 41,000 ndi maofesi m'maiko 75 padziko lonse lapansi. Mu 2015, Novo Nordisk inali ndi katundu wokwana $12.5 biliyoni ndipo malonda ake anali $15.8 biliyoni.
● Amgen
Amgen, yomwe ili ndi likulu lake ku Thousand Oaks, California, imapanga mankhwala ochiritsira ndipo imayang'ana kwambiri pakupanga mankhwala atsopano kutengera kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ya maselo ndi maselo. Kampaniyo imapanga mankhwala ochiritsira matenda a mafupa, matenda a impso, nyamakazi ndi matenda ena akuluakulu. Mu 2015, Amgen inali ndi katundu wokwana $69 biliyoni ndipo inagulitsa $20 biliyoni.
● Bristol-Myers Squibb
Bristol-Myers Squibb (Bristol) ndi kampani ya biotechnology yomwe ili ndi likulu lake ku New York City, United States. Bristol-Myers Squibb idagula iPierian pa $725 miliyoni mu 2015 ndi Flexus Biosciences pa $125 miliyoni mu 2015. Mu 2015, Bristol-Myers Squibb inali ndi katundu wokwana $33.8 biliyoni ndipo malonda ake anali $15.9 biliyoni.
● Sanofi
Sanofi ndi kampani yogwirizana ndi mankhwala ku France yomwe ili ndi likulu lake ku Paris. Kampaniyo imagwira ntchito yopereka katemera wa anthu, njira zothetsera matenda a shuga ndi chisamaliro chaumoyo kwa ogula, mankhwala atsopano ndi zinthu zina. Sanofi imagwira ntchito m'maiko opitilira 100 padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikiza United States, ndipo likulu lake ku US lili ku Bridgewater, New Jersey. Mu 2015, Sanofi inali ndi katundu wokwana $177.9 biliyoni ndipo malonda ake anali $44.8 biliyoni.
Nthawi yotumizira: Januwale-22-2019