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Biscyanatophenylpropane CAS:1156-51-0
Biscyanatophenylpropane ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi magulu awiri a cyano (–C≡N) olumikizidwa ku msana wa phenylpropane. Ndi formula ya molekyulu C₁₄H₁₃N₂, imayimira gulu la mankhwala omwe angathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu kapangidwe ka organic ndi sayansi ya zinthu. Kupezeka kwa magulu a cyano kumathandizira kuti ayambe kugwira ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kosiyanasiyana komwe kungayambitse kupanga zinthu zatsopano kapena mankhwala. Kapangidwe kapadera ka mankhwalawa kamapangitsa kuti ikhale nkhani yosangalatsa yofufuza za momwe mankhwala ake amagwirira ntchito komanso momwe angagwiritsire ntchito pazinthu zapamwamba monga ma polima, mankhwala a agrochemicals, kapena mankhwala ophatikizana.
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Chlorosulfonyl isocyanate CAS:1189-71-5
Chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) ndi mankhwala opangidwa mosiyanasiyana okhala ndi formula ya ClSO2NCO. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati gawo lapakati pakupanga mankhwala osiyanasiyana achilengedwe, makamaka popanga ma sulfonamides ndi mankhwala ena. Magulu apadera a CSI amalola kuti igwire nawo ntchito zosiyanasiyana zamakemikolo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yofunika kwambiri mu sayansi ya zinthu ndi mankhwala a agrochemicals. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyanjana kwake ndi ma amine ndi ma alcohols kumathandiza kupanga ma derivatives a sulfamoyl, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mankhwala. Chifukwa cha zoopsa zake, kuphatikizapo poizoni ndi kuwonongeka, kugwiritsa ntchito chlorosulfonyl isocyanate kumafuna njira zodzitetezera zolimba.
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Ammonium benzoate CAS:1863-63-4
Ammonium benzoate ndi mchere woyera wopangidwa kuchokera ku benzoic acid ndi ammonium hydroxide. Umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo ngati chosungira chakudya, chokometsera, komanso m'mankhwala. Mu makampani azakudya, ammonium benzoate imagwira ntchito makamaka ngati chosungira chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zotsutsana ndi mabakiteriya, kuletsa kukula kwa nkhungu ndi mabakiteriya muzakudya zokhala ndi asidi. Kuphatikiza apo, umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala ndi zodzoladzola zina. Chitetezo chake pakugwiritsa ntchito chakhazikitsidwa ndi akuluakulu oyang'anira, ngakhale kuti chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa malire oyenera.
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1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide CAS:1072-53-3
1,3,2-Dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti dioxathiolane S-oxide, ndi mankhwala okhala ndi sulfure okhala ndi heterocyclic formula ya molekyulu C3H6O3S. Mankhwalawa ali ndi kapangidwe ka mphete ya dioxathiolane, komwe kamadziwika ndi kapangidwe kake kapadera ka maatomu a sulfure ndi okosijeni. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popanga zinthu zachilengedwe komanso ngati reagent m'machitidwe osiyanasiyana a mankhwala. Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa sulfure ndi okosijeni, imasonyeza kusintha kwakukulu komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga mamolekyu ovuta kwambiri achilengedwe. Kafukufuku wokhudza momwe imagwiritsidwira ntchito umaphatikizapo mankhwala, mankhwala a agrochemicals, ndi sayansi ya zinthu, kuwonetsa kusinthasintha kwake komanso kufunika kwake mu chemistry yopangidwa.
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3-Hydroxyphenylphosphinyl-propanoic acid CAS:14657-64-8
3-Hydroxyphenylphosphinyl-propanoic acid ndi gulu la organophosphorus lomwe limadziwika ndi gulu la phosphinyl lomwe limalumikizidwa ku gawo la propanoic acid ndi mphete ya phenyl yosinthidwa ndi hydroxyl. Ndi formula ya molekyulu C₉H₁₁O₄P, gululi limasonyeza zinthu zapadera zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana mu kapangidwe ka organic ndi mankhwala. Kupezeka kwa gulu la phenolic hydroxyl ndi phosphinyl kumasonyeza kuti pali ntchito yachilengedwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti lifufuze bwino momwe limagwiritsidwira ntchito pochiza. Kapangidwe kake kamapereka kusinthasintha kwa kusintha komwe cholinga chake ndi kukulitsa ntchito kapena kudziwika bwino pakupanga mankhwala.
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vidarabine CAS:5536-17-4
Vidarabine, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine (ara-A), ndi adenosine yopangidwa ndi nucleoside. Poyamba idapangidwa ngati mankhwala oletsa mavairasi, imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochiza matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi, makamaka omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kachilombo ka herpes simplex (HSV) ndi kachilombo ka varicella-zoster (VZV). Vidarabine imaletsa kufalikira kwa mavairasi mwa kusokoneza kapangidwe ka DNA ndi RNA ya mavairasi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yothandiza polimbana ndi matenda oopsa a herpes. Kapangidwe kake kapadera kamalola kuti iphatikizidwe mu nucleic acids, motero kusokoneza njira zabwinobwino zamaselo. Ngakhale kuti sigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri masiku ano chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa mankhwala atsopano oletsa mavairasi, vidarabine ikadali yofunika kwambiri mu kafukufuku wa virology.
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uracil-1-beta-D-arabinofuranoside CAS:3083-77-0
Uracil-1-beta-D-arabinofuranoside, yomwe imadziwika kuti ara-U, ndi nucleoside analog yochokera ku uracil yomwe ili ndi shuga wa arabinofuranosyl. Kusintha kumeneku kumawonjezera kukhazikika kwake komanso kugwira ntchito bwino kwa thupi poyerekeza ndi uridine wachilengedwe. Ara-U yaphunziridwa chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zotsutsana ndi mavairasi, makamaka polimbana ndi mavairasi a RNA. Imagwira ntchito poletsa kufalikira kwa mavairasi kudzera munjira zofanana ndi za ma analogue ena a nucleoside, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi. Makhalidwe apadera a uracil-1-beta-D-arabinofuranoside amalola kuyanjana ndi ma polymerase a mavairasi, zomwe zikuwonetsa kufunika kwake mu kafukufuku wamankhwala ndi chitukuko cha mankhwala.
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cytosine-1-beta-D-arabinofuranoside CAS:147-94-4
Cytosine-1-beta-D-arabinofuranoside, yomwe imadziwika kuti ara-C kapena cytarabine, ndi chinthu chofanana ndi cytosine mu nucleoside. Ili ndi shuga wa arabinofuranosyl, womwe umawonjezera kukhazikika kwake komanso kugwira ntchito bwino kwa thupi m'thupi. Ara-C imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana a khansa, makamaka khansa ya m'magazi monga acute myeloid leukemia (AML) ndi non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Kagwiridwe kake ka ntchito kamaphatikizapo kulowetsedwa mu DNA, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti DNA isapangidwe ndipo pamapeto pake zimayambitsa apoptosis m'maselo omwe amagawanitsa mwachangu. Chifukwa cha mphamvu yake yolimbana ndi khansa, cytarabine ikadali maziko a mankhwala a chemotherapy.
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Cyclocytidine hydrochloride CAS:10212-25-6
Cyclocytidine hydrochloride ndi cyclic nucleoside analog yochokera ku cytidine, yokhala ndi kapangidwe kake ka bicyclic komwe kamawonjezera kukhazikika kwake komanso kugwira ntchito bwino kwa thupi. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pakufufuza ndi kupanga mankhwala chifukwa cha ntchito zake zochiritsira, makamaka pochiza ma virus ndi khansa. Cyclocytidine imatha kusintha kagayidwe ka nucleic acid ndikukhudza magwiridwe antchito a maselo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chinthu chofunikira pophunzira momwe mamolekyu amagwirira ntchito mkati mwa maselo. Makhalidwe ake a mankhwala amathandiza ofufuza kufufuza njira zatsopano zopangira ndi kutumiza mankhwala, kupereka njira zabwino zochizira matenda okhudzana ndi ntchito yolakwika ya nucleic acid.
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Adenosine Cyclophosphate CAS:60-92-4
Adenosine cyclophosphate, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), ndi mthenga wachiwiri wofunikira kwambiri m'njira zolumikizirana ndi ma cell. Imapangidwa kuchokera ku ATP ndi ntchito ya adenylate cyclase ndipo imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri poyendetsa mayankho osiyanasiyana a thupi m'thupi. cAMP imagwira ntchito poyambitsa protein kinase A (PKA) ndi ma signaling cascade ena, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zotsatira zosiyanasiyana zamoyo, kuphatikizapo kuwongolera kagayidwe kachakudya, kufotokozera majini, ndi kuchulukana kwa maselo. Kufunika kwake kumakhudza machitidwe angapo, kuphatikiza machitidwe amitsempha ndi endocrine, zomwe zimapangitsa cAMP kukhala wosewera wofunikira pakusunga homeostasis yama cell ndikuyankha kuzinthu zakunja.
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Adenosine 5′-monophosphate CAS:61-19-8
Adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP) ndi nucleotide yomwe imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa kagayidwe ka maselo ndi kusamutsa mphamvu. Yopangidwa ndi adenine base, ribose sugar, ndi gulu limodzi la phosphate, AMP imagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana za biochemical, kuphatikizapo kupanga adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ndi cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Monga molekyulu yolumikizira, AMP imawongolera njira za kagayidwe ka maselo ndipo imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupanga nucleotide. Milingo yake mkati mwa maselo imapereka chidziwitso chofunikira chokhudza momwe mphamvu ya maselo ilili, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yofunikira pakusunga homeostasis ndikuthandizira ntchito za thupi m'zamoyo.
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N(2),9-Diacetylguanine CAS:3056-33-5
N(2),9-Diacetylguanine ndi chinthu chopangidwa kuchokera ku guanine, chodziwika bwino chifukwa chowonjezera magulu a acetyl pamalo a nayitrogeni 2 ndi 9. Kusintha kumeneku kumasintha mawonekedwe a mankhwala ndi zochita za guanine, kukulitsa kusungunuka kwake ndi reactivity yake. N(2),9-Diacetylguanine imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu chemistry ya nucleic acid, ikuchita gawo lofunika kwambiri pakufufuza kokhudzana ndi kapangidwe ka DNA ndi RNA. Makhalidwe ake apadera amawapangitsa kukhala ofunika popanga ma probe atsopano ndi othandizira ochizira, zomwe zimathandiza asayansi kufufuza njira zamaselo ndi malamulo a majini bwino.
