-
popso disodium CAS: 108321-07-9
Mchere wa disodium wa Piperazine-N,N'-bis (2-hydroxypropanesulphonic acid) ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndi magulu a piperazine, bis (2-hydroxypropanesulphonic acid), ndi ma ayoni awiri a sodium. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chothandizira kusungira komanso chowongolera pH m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana ndi m'ma laboratories. Mankhwalawa amathandiza kusunga pH yeniyeni mu mayankho, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yothandiza pa ntchito monga kuyeretsa mapuloteni, biology ya mamolekyulu, ndi kafukufuku wamankhwala. Kuphatikiza apo, imathanso kugwira ntchito ngati chothandizira chelating cha ma ayoni achitsulo ndikukhazikitsa ntchito ya enzyme muzochita zina za biochemical.
-
3-Morpholino-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid sodium salt CAS:79803-73-9
3-Morpholino-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid sodium salt, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti MES sodium salt, ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chotetezera mu kafukufuku wa zamoyo ndi zamankhwala.
MES ndi chosungira madzi cha zwitterionic chomwe chimagwira ntchito ngati chowongolera pH, kusunga pH yokhazikika m'machitidwe osiyanasiyana oyesera. Chimasungunuka kwambiri m'madzi ndipo chili ndi pKa pafupifupi 6.15, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale choyenera kusungidwa mu pH ya 5.5 mpaka 7.1.
MES sodium salt imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri mu njira za biology monga DNA ndi RNA isolation, enzyme assays, ndi protein cleansing. Imagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu cell culture media kuti isunge pH yokhazikika kuti maselo akule bwino komanso achuluke.
Chinthu chimodzi chodziwika bwino cha MES ndi kukhazikika kwake pansi pa mikhalidwe ya thupi komanso kukana kusintha kwa kutentha. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa komwe kusinthasintha kwa kutentha kumayembekezeredwa.
Ofufuza nthawi zambiri amakonda mchere wa sodium wa MES ngati chotetezera chifukwa chakuti umasokoneza pang'ono zochita za enzyme komanso mphamvu yake yayikulu yotetezera mkati mwa pH yake yoyenera.
-
X-GAL CAS: 7240-90-6 Mtengo wa Wopanga
5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-D-galactoside (X-Gal) ndi gawo lodziwika bwino la chromogenic lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito mu biology ya mamolekyulu ndi biochemistry. Limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pozindikira jini la lacZ, lomwe limalemba enzyme β-galactosidase.
-
1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-acetyl-D-mannopyranose CAS:25941-03-1
1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-acetyl-D-mannopyranose ndi mankhwala ochokera ku D-mannose, shuga wosavuta. Ndi mankhwala omwe amachokera ku magulu a acetyl omwe amamangiriridwa ku magulu asanu mwa asanu ndi limodzi a hydroxyl omwe ali mu molekyulu ya mannose. Mtundu uwu wa acetylated wa D-mannose umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zinthu zachilengedwe komanso kafukufuku wa mankhwala ngati chomangira kapena zinthu zoyambira kupanga mamolekyu ovuta kwambiri. Magulu a acetyl amapereka bata ndipo amatha kusintha reactivity ndi makhalidwe a mankhwalawo.
-
1,2,3,4-Di-O-Isopropylidene-alpha-D-galactopyranose CAS:4064-06-6
1,2:3,4-Di-O-isopropylidene-D-galactopyranose ndi mankhwala omwe ali m'gulu la zinthu zochokera ku galactopyranose. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu organic chemistry ngati chotetezera magulu a hydroxyl omwe ali mu shuga, makamaka galactose. Mankhwalawa amapangidwa pochita D-galactose ndi acetone kuti apange diacetone derivative, yomwe kenako imachiritsidwa ndi asidi kuti ipange di-O-isopropylidene derivative. Mankhwalawa amateteza magulu a hydroxyl, kuteteza zochita zosafunikira panthawi yopanga mankhwala, ndipo amatha kuchotsedwa mosankha kuti abwezeretsenso mankhwala oyamba. Kapangidwe kake kakang'ono komanso kukhazikika kwake kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yopindulitsa pa ntchito zosiyanasiyana mkati mwa kapangidwe ka organic.
-
PNPG CAS: 3150-24-1 Mtengo wa Wopanga
PNPG, kapena p-nitrophenyl β-D-glucopyranoside, ndi gawo laling'ono la molekyulu lomwe nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa zochita za ma enzyme a glucosidase. Ndi lopanda utoto komanso losawala, koma likamasungunuka ndi glucosidase, limasanduka p-nitrophenol, yomwe ili ndi mtundu wachikasu ndipo imapezeka mosavuta ndi spectrophotometric.
-
ONPG CAS:369-07-3 Mtengo wa Wopanga
O-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG) ndi chinthu chopangidwa chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mayeso a biochemical ndi molecular biology kuti ayesere ntchito ya enzyme β-galactosidase. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu mayeso kuti chizindikire momwe majini amagwirira ntchito m'mabakiteriya, monga Escherichia coli. ONPG ndi chinthu chopanda utoto chomwe chimadulidwa ndi β-galactosidase, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chikasu, o-nitrophenol. Mtundu wachikasu womwe umapangidwa ukhoza kuyezedwa ndi spectrophotometric, kupereka muyeso wosalunjika wa ntchito ya enzyme. Kuyesa kogwiritsa ntchito ONPG nthawi zambiri kumatchedwa ONPG assay ndipo ndi njira yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu kafukufuku wa biology ya molecular kuti ayese kuchuluka kwa majini omwe amalamulidwa ndi lac operon m'maselo a bakiteriya.
-
Nitrotetrazolium Blue Chloride CAS:298-83-9
Nitrotetrazolium Blue Chloride (NBT) ndi chizindikiro cha redox chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyesa zamoyo ndi zamankhwala. Ndi ufa wachikasu wopepuka womwe umasanduka buluu ukachepetsedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ukhale wothandiza pozindikira kukhalapo kwa ma enzyme ena ndi kagayidwe kachakudya.
NBT imakumana ndi ma electron carriers ndi ma enzyme monga dehydrogenases, omwe amagwira ntchito m'maselo osiyanasiyana. Pamene NBT yachepetsedwa ndi ma enzyme amenewa, imapanga mtundu wa buluu wa formazan precipitate, zomwe zimathandiza kuzindikira maso kapena ma spectrophotometric.
Chogwiritsiridwa ntchitochi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyesa monga mayeso ochepetsa NBT, komwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa momwe maselo oteteza thupi amagwirira ntchito popuma. Chingagwiritsidwenso ntchito pophunzira ntchito za ma enzyme ndi njira za kagayidwe kachakudya mu kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi kupsinjika kwa okosijeni, moyo wa maselo, ndi kusiyana kwa maselo.
NBT yapeza ntchito m'magawo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo microbiology, immunology, ndi biology ya maselo. Ndi yosinthasintha, yokhazikika, komanso yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chodziwika bwino pa njira zambiri zoyesera.
-
HATU CAS:148893-10-1 Mtengo wa Wopanga
HATU (1-[bis(dimethylamino)methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium 3-oxid hexafluorophosphate) ndi chinthu chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pophatikizana mu kapangidwe ka peptide ndi organic chemistry.
-
D-fucose CAS:3615-37-0 Mtengo wa Wopanga
D-fucose ndi monosaccharide, makamaka shuga wa makaroni asanu ndi limodzi, womwe uli m'gulu la shuga wosavuta wotchedwa hexoses. Ndi isomer ya shuga, yosiyana mu kapangidwe ka gulu limodzi la hydroxyl.
D-fucose imapezeka mwachilengedwe m'zamoyo zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mabakiteriya, bowa, zomera, ndi nyama. Imachita mbali yofunika kwambiri m'njira zingapo zamoyo, monga kuzindikiritsa maselo, kumamatira kwa maselo, ndi kupanga glycoprotein. Ndi gawo la glycolipids, glycoproteins, ndi proteoglycans, zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kulumikizana ndi kuzindikira maselo kuchokera ku maselo kupita ku maselo.
Mwa anthu, D-fucose imagwiranso ntchito popanga zinthu zofunika kwambiri za glycan, monga ma antigen a Lewis ndi ma antigen a gulu la magazi, zomwe zimakhudza kugwirizana kwa magazi ndi chiopsezo cha matenda.
D-fucose imapezeka m'magwero osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo nyanja zamchere, zomera, ndi kuwiritsa kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, komanso popanga mankhwala enaake ndi mankhwala ochiritsira.
-
DDT CAS:3483-12-3 Mtengo wa Wopanga
DL-Dithiothreitol, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti DTT, ndi chinthu chochepetsa chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu kafukufuku wa zamoyo ndi za mamolekyulu. Ndi molekyulu yaying'ono yokhala ndi gulu la thiol (lokhala ndi sulfure) kumapeto kulikonse.
DTT imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kuswa ma disulfide bonds m'mapuloteni, zomwe zimathandiza kuwatsegula kapena kuwachotsa. Kuchepetsa ma disulfide bonds kumeneku n'kofunika kwambiri m'njira zosiyanasiyana za labotale monga kuyeretsa mapuloteni, gel electrophoresis, ndi maphunziro a kapangidwe ka mapuloteni. DTT ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuteteza magulu a thiol ndikuletsa okosijeni panthawi yoyesera.
DTT nthawi zambiri imawonjezeredwa ku mayankho oyesera pang'ono, ndipo ntchito yake imadalira kupezeka kwa mpweya. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito DTT mosamala chifukwa imakhudzidwa ndi mpweya, kutentha, ndi chinyezi, zomwe zingachepetse mphamvu yake.
-
D-(+)-Galactose CAS:59-23-4 Mtengo wa Wopanga
D-(+)-Galactose ndi shuga wa monosaccharide ndipo ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa njira zambiri zamoyo. Ndi shuga wachilengedwe womwe umapezeka muzakudya zambiri, monga zipatso, mkaka, ndi ndiwo zamasamba.
Galactose nthawi zambiri imasinthidwa m'thupi kudzera mu njira zosiyanasiyana zochitira zinthu. Imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakulankhulana kwa maselo, kupanga mphamvu, komanso kupanga mamolekyu ofunikira monga ma glycolipids, ma glycoproteins, ndi lactose.
Ponena za ntchito zake, D-(+)-Galactose imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu sayansi ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi sayansi ya zamoyo monga gwero la kaboni m'zinthu zokulirakulira za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana. Imagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga mankhwala osiyanasiyana, mankhwala, ndi zakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ngati mankhwala ochizira matenda, makamaka poyesa kuwunika momwe chiwindi chikugwira ntchito komanso kuzindikira matenda a majini okhudzana ndi kagayidwe ka galactose.
